Komite Aksi Hari HAM : HAM Bukan Prioritas, Pemerintah Memang HAM(PA)
Penulis : Nurul Waqiah Mustaming
Makassar, Cakrawalaide.com – “Hentikan Pelanggaran HAM” Bunyi tulisan di salah satu spanduk yang dibawa oleh massa aksi pada, Jumat (10/12/2021).
Aksi dimulai pada pukul 15.30 dengan berjalan dari titik kumpul Mesjid 45 Makassar ke titik aksi di bawah Fly Over Makassar. Sebanyak 17 organ tergabung dalam Komite Aksi Hari HAM. Aksi tersebut dilaksanakan dalam rangka memperingati hari Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) internasional. Melalui peringatan hari HAM Komite Aksi Hari HAM menarasikan tajuk “HAM Bukan Prioritas; Pemerintah ini Memang HAM(PA)”.
Berdasarkan kajian yang dirilis oleh Komite Aksi Hari HAM menjelaskan bahwa pada pemerintah Jokowi-Ma’ruf adalah pemerintah terburuk pasca reformasi terutama dalam pemajuan demokrasi dan HAM. Tumpukan kasus pelanggaran masa lalu belum terselesaikan ditambah dengan deretan kasus pelanggaran HAM yang terus terjadi seperti Perampasan Lahan Petani dan Masyarakat Adat, Kekerasan, Kriminalisasi dan Intimidasi terhadap masyrakat sipil, Deforestasi dan Bencana Ekologi, Menyempitnya Kebebasan Akademik di Kampus, Perlindungan Terhadap Perempuan, Minoritas Seksual dan Kelompok Rental lainnya, Mengakhiri Impunitas dan Selesaikan Kasus Pelanggaran HAM Masa Lalu.
Ady Anugrah selaku Humas aksi menilai bahwa pemajuan demokrasi dan HAM mengalami kemorosotan bahkan pemenuhan HAM di masa pemerintahan saat ini tidak hanya mengalami kemandekan tetapi mengalami kemuduruan. Hal itu bisa dilihat dari banyaknya pelanggaran HAM yang terus terjadi.
“Ada banyak petani, masyarakat yang dirampas lahannya, para nelayan yang kemudian wilayah tangkapnya dijadikan lokasi tambang dan pada isu kebebasan berekspresi banyak mahasiswa yang ditangkap dan mengalami tindakan kekerasan,” ujarnya.
Ia juga menambahkan bahwa pelanggaran HAM yang paling krusial atau bermasalah adalah soal isu kebebasan berekspresi pada hakikatnya harus mendapatkan keamanan dan kenyamanan namun pada realita yang terjadi sangat berbanding terbalik. Tidak adanya bentuk pertanggungjawaban pemerintah yang dalam hal ini memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap penghormatan dan pemenuhan HAM.
“Saat ini banyak orang ataupun organisasi yang mengalami ketakutan karena ancaman represif, ancaman pembubaran bahkan ancaman-ancaman kekerasan. Ada beberapa kasus yang seharusnya pemerintah kota hadir sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban dalam konteks pemenuhan HAM, ada beberapa warga kota mengalami penggusuran secara paksa tapi tidak mendapatkan bantuan dari pemerintah,” tambahnya.
Yudi selaku perwakilan Extention Rebilion Indonesia menegaskan bahwa krisis iklim adalah pelanggaran HAM. Hak untuk mendapatkan lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat adalah hak yang sudah di atur dalam UU. Hak untuk hidup, hak untuk mendapatkan kesehatan, hak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan, hak untuk mendapatkan air bersih adalah HAM dan hak-hak tersebut tidak bisa terpenuhi dalam situasi krisis iklim.
“Ketika negara semakin memperparah krisis iklim itu sama saja negara melanggar HAM,” tegasnya.
Ia juga menambahkan bahawa negara harus menetapkan target net zero di tahun 2025 dan menghentikan pembakaran energi fossil. Negara perlu melakukan langkah kongkret mengatasi masalah ini.
“Cabut UU Ciptaker dan Minerba, mengembalikan stok hutan yang hilang, berhenti investasi di energi kotor dan beralih ke energi bersih terbarukan,” tambahnya.
Nana salah satu mahasiswa yang tergabung dalam aksi tadi mengatakan dalam kehidupan akademik juga menjadi persoalan serius mahasiswa kerap kali mengalami kekerasan akademik ketika mengkritik kampus bukan hanya itu peraturan yang dibuat di tingkat universitas bertentangan dengan kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi.
“Sebagai mahasiswa, ada berbagai peristiwa pelanggaran yang kami terima. jangankan masalah kriminalisasi, intimidasi, diskriminasi, bahkan untuk sekedar mempertanyakan uang orang tua kami, yang biasa kami peruntukkan untuk SPP atau UKT, itu juga tidak jarang bakal berdampak kepada kekerasan akademik,” tuturnya.
Di indonesia kasus pelanggran HAM masih terus terjadi dan tidak ada tindakan serius dari pemerintah untuk pemenuhan HAM. Salah satunya perampasan lahan petani dan masyarakat adat sebagaimna yang dialami masyarakat Marafanfen diusir dari tanah ulayat mereka oleh alat negara. Mereka menjadi korban dari praktek perampasan lahan dengan tujuan pembangunan infrastruktur terus terjadi.
Juliana selaku perwakilan Save Marafenfen menjelaskan bahwa masyarakat adat Marafenfen saat ini merupakan wujud dari diabaikannya negara dalam mengakui wilayah hutan adat sebagai bagian dari eksistensi masyarakat adat. Pengeksekusian wilayah kawasan hutan masyarakat adat Marafenfen merupakan anomali paripurna yang dilakukan oleh Negara.
“Hutan adat adalah wilayah Hidup, sumber kehidupan dan faktor penentu eksistensi mereka. Di sana hidup dan tumbuh aneka ragam tumbuh-tumbuhan, hewan, sumber dan gantungan hidup dan elemen penting budaya dan spiritualitas Masyarakat adat Marafenfen, Kepulauan Aru. Hutan juga menjadi sumber obat-obatan tradisional mereka maka dengan hilang dan rusaknya hutan adalah hilang dan rusaknya kehidupan Masyarakat Marafenfen,” tutupnya.
Redaktur : Nunuk Parwati S
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