Sikap Politik FMK Atas Kasus Kekerasan Seksual
Oleh : Samudra
Federasi Mahasiswa Kerakyatan (FMK) adalah organisasi perjuangan mahasiswa yang bergerak, belajar, dan berjuang tentang persoalan kerakyatan.
Berangkat dari situasi objektif, belajar dari gerakan mahasiswa pasca 1998, ide untuk membangun Federasi Mahasiswa adalah memasuki babak baru upaya membangkitkan kembali gerakan mahasiswa dengan sebuah model persatuan yang demokratis.
Dalam situasi ekonomi politik yang anti-rakyat saat ini, sangat penting menggerakkan kaum pemuda terdidik untuk terlibat dalam perjuangan rakyat tertindas (Mustad’afin).
Federasi adalah sebuah gabungan organisasi atau komunitas dengan sistem dimana organisasi yang ada bersepakat dengan landasan—platform perjuangan bersama.
Adapun prinsip umum Federasi, yakni demokrasi dan kesetaraan, serta mandiri secara ekonomi dan politik. Dengan kata lain, sistem yang ada di Federasi tidaklah meleburkan organisasi yang ada di dalamnya atau disebut non-unitaris, yang terpenting bersepakat kedua hal di atas.
Federasi ini dibangun dengan skala nasional. Dalam kongres pembangunan, kami memiliki kesamaan pandangan bahwa perubahan secara besar tidak dapat dilakukan dalam skala lokal.
Dari beberapa gerakan yang ada di daerah-daerah yang sepakat dengan konsep FMK ini, beberepa ada di kota Samarinda, yaitu Jaringan Kerja Mahasiwa Kerakyatan (JKMK), Soeara Harian Rakyat (SHR), dan Seni Budaya Kerakyatan (Sebutan). Ketiga organisasi tersebut memiliki cita-cita perjuangan yang sama, tetapi dengan bentuk serta metode pengorganisiran yang berbeda-beda. Ada di bidang jurnalistik, seni budaya, dan perjuangan politik mahasiswa.
Ketiga organisasi tersebut memiliki kerja Ideologi, Politik, dan Organisasi (IPO). Juga dijalankan secara sistematis. Pembangunan jejaring seperti di kampus-kampus juga dilakukan, karena sasaran FMK beberapa di antaranya adalah: organisasi politik mahasiswa, organisasi berbasis hobi, kelompok kreatif, kelompok kesenian, kelompok advokasi, organisasi atau komunitas perempuan, organisasi atau komunitas dengan orientasi seksual berbeda.
Sesuai dengan sasaran pengorganisasian, kolektif FMK yang ada di Samarinda membangun jaringan sebagai pewadahan massa di kampus. Beberapa jaringan yang sempat terbangun adalah Lensa, bergerak di bidang jurnalistik dan UKM Teater Fasotik, yang fokus di bidang seni budaya.
Meskipun keduanya tidak terafiliasi ke dalam FMK, akan tetapi beberapa individu yang sepakat dengan perjuangan FMK terintegrasi ke organisasi yang sudah terafiliasi ke dalam FMK. Karena, visi perjuangan Federasi adalah: membangun persatuan gerakan mahasiswa kerakyatan; membangun pola pikir mahasiswa dan rakyat secara umum yang demokratis, feminis, ekologis, mandiri, serta berkarakter kerakyatan; berpikir merdeka agar adil sejak dalam pikiran; menjadikan seni sebagai budaya perlawanan rakyat; terlibat aktif berjuang bersama rakyat demi mewujudkan demokrasi sejati—di lapangan ekonomi, politik, sosial dan budaya.
Mendukung Perjuangan Pembebasan Perempuan
Membangun organisasi yang demokratis dan memperjuangkan kesetaraan serta mendukung perjuangan perempuan bukanlah hal yang mudah. Di tengah kondisi masyarakat berkelas yang didominasi oleh ide-ide patriarki dan feodal mengharuskan kerja-kerja penyadaran yang masif.
Upaya Federasi dalam mendukung perjuangan perempuan adalah dengan menguatkan organsiasi perempuan yang telah terafiliasi ke dalam FMK, seperti Perempuan Normarae di Palu dan Serikat Perempuan Indonesia (Srikandi) di Makassar.
Di Samarinda sendiri, melalui kolektif perempuan JKMK juga turut membantu pembangunan organisasi perempuan, yakni Embrio Perempuan Merdeka untuk memperluas politik perjuangan perempuan di Samarinda. Maka dalam pembangunan kekuatan perempuan, Federasi Mahaiswa Kerakyatan juga berupaya sekuat-kuatnya.
Kolektif FMK yang ada di Samarinda juga memiliki metode penyadaran dan pengorganisiran anggota melalui pendidikan politik yang dilakukan bersama. Dalam kepentingan membangun kesadaran tentang kesetaraan, materi seperti Asal Usul Pendindasan Perempuan menjadi pelajaran penting karena di dalamnya memuat pengetahuan bahwa pentingnya mendukung perjuangan pembebasan perempuan.
Agenda-agenda lain juga menjadi ruang penyadaran, seperti pendiskusian dalam momentum tertentu, yakni Hari Perempuan se-Dunia, pejuang Marsinah, dll. Hal itu menjadi ruang mengedukasi anggota terkait perjuangan pembebasan perempuan dari kekerasan seksual hingga belenggu patriarki dan kapitalisme.
Selain itu, telah kita ketahui bersama bahwa hingga saat ini kekerasan seksual yang terjadi di Indonesia memiliki angka yang kian meningkat. Bukannya mendukung pengesahan RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual yang digadang-gadang menjadi payung hukum untuk melindungi korban atau penyintas dan menindak tegas para pelaku. Namun kini negara malah mengedepankan regulasi lain demi kepentingan kapital.
Ketidak-berpihakan negara dalam membangun kesetaraan serta memberikan sanksi tegas bagi para pelaku dapat kita lihat dari berbagai kasus kekerasan seksual yang menimpa perempuan, seperti Baiq Nuril yang berani bersuara atas tindakan kekerasan seksual yang menimpanya, malah mendapat serangan balik dengan pasal karet UU ITE.
Pengalaman lain menunjukkan bagaimana Anin, ia hadir dalam agenda disksui Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua (AMP) dilecehkan oleh aparat kepolisian Surabaya yang membubarkan paksa diskusi tersebut. Namun bukan malah berdiri di atas kebenaran, justru kenyataannya adalah satuan polisi tersebut malah melindungi anggotanya yang telah melakukan kekerasan seksual.
Belum lagi mereka yang memiliki orientasi seksual berbeda, sering sekali mendapat pelecehan hingga kekerasan sekual di negeri ini.
Oleh karena itu, selain mendorong pembangunan kekuatan perempuan dan menghimpun kekuatan untuk mendukung para penyintas melawan kekerasan seksual, pun kekerasan yang membahayakan keselamatan perempuan.
Kita juga mesti bersama-sama menuntut negara untuk segera mengesahkan RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual untuk memberi kekuatan hukum bagi perempuan dan bagi siapa saja yang mengalami kekerasan seksual.
Kami Bersama Penyintas
Dalam perjalanan, sampai tulisan ini dibuat, sejak 2015 ketiga organisasi yang ada di Samarinda mengalami persoalan-persoalan internal yang tidak dapat diungkap dalam pernyataan ini.
Persoalan tersebut membuat organisasi mengalami kemandekan, terhitung sejak tahun 2017. Namun hingga saat ini sedang kembali dibangkitkan. Belum lagi mengalami kemajuan dalam proses membangun kembali, pada tanggal 12 Februari 2020 salah satu kolektif, JKMK memberi laporan terkait kekerasan seksual yang telah dialaminya, menurut laporanya pelaku adalah orang yang pernah aktif dalam SHR dan jaringan di kampus, yakni Teater Fasotik dan Lensa.
Berangkat dari dorongan kuat oleh penyintas kepada kolektif FMK melalui grup WhatsApp pada 12 Februari 2020. Segera setelah itu kolektif Dewan Federasi yang ada di Kota Samarinda mengajukan langkah tindak-lanjut kepada penyintas, yakni menyusun kronologi, mengumpulkan keterangan, dan menganalisa kasus. Kami juga mendorong sebuah tim kerja yang melibatkan organisasi sekawan di Samarinda dengan membentuk tim #KawanPenyintas.
Setelah membaca kronologi dan mendengarkan keterangan lebih lanjut dari penyintas. Terungkap segala kekerasan dan kejahatan seksual yang dilakukan oleh Ade Fachrizal Rizky (pelaku) kepada penyintas mulai dari menganiaya fisik, melakukan intimidasi seksual, menjustifikasi negatif, dan lainnya.
Pernyataan pelaku juga diterima oleh tim. Namun setelah membacanya kami menilai pernyataan ini tidak memiliki keseriusan karena ditemukan kemiripan kerangka pernyataan yang dipublikasikan oleh pelaku dalam kasus kekerasan seksual lain.
Selain pernyataan, beberapa keterangan tambahan berupa pesan tulisan dan pesan suara melalui media sosial, menunjukkan posisi pelaku yang bermain victim blaming.
Melalui pernyataan ini, “kami Federasi Mahasiswa Kerakyatan menyikapi kasus kekerasan dan kejahatan seksual yang dilakukan oleh Ade Fachrizal Rizky kepada kolektif Jaringan Kerja Mahasiswa Kerakyatan (JKMK) Kota Samarinda”. Terlebih sehubungan dengan penyintas yang telah berani bersuara untuk mengungkap segala tindakan yang telah dialaminya.
Berikut ini adalah sikap kami :
Mengacu pada situasi kolektif Samarinda dan pada prinsip Federasi, serta proses investigasi. Maka kami Dewan Federasi bersama seluruh kolektif organisasi anggota mengecam segala perbuatan Ade Fachrizal Rizky, sekaligus memberi sanksi pemecatan dari kolektif SHR dan Federasi.
“Kami juga menuntut kepada Ade Fachrizal Rizky untuk memastikan orang-orang di sekitarnya tidak melakukan intimidasi baik melalui percakapan media sosial maupun secara fisik yang membahayakan keselamatan penyintas!”
Menyerukan kepada seluruh organisasi gerakan untuk tidak memberikan ruang apapun kepada Ade Fachrizal Rizky dan bersama-sama mengecam tindakan yang telah dilakukannya kepada para penyintas.
Menuntut negara Republik Indonesia untuk segera mengesahkan RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual. Agar sekalipun pelaku adalah pejabat negara maupun aparat keamanan, mereka harus dijatuhi hukuman.
Menyerukan kepada seluruh kaum muda Indonesia untuk bersama-sama membangun organsiasi perempuan, mendorong pembelajaran terkait perjuangan pembebasan perempuan di setiap organisasi ataupun komunitas.
Pembelajaran bagi FMK
Bahwa setiap upaya dalam perjuangan pembebasan manusia dari belenggu kapitalisme tidak mungkin mengabaikan perjuangan pembebasan perempuan, karena kapitalisme adalah sistem yang turut melanggengkan eksplotasi perempuan hingga konstruksi sosial yang mengkomodifikasi dan mengobjektifikasi perempuan.
Sehingga penting sekali bagi kita memastikan kepada seluruh kolektif organisasi untuk mendukung upaya pembebasan perempuan. Bahkan dalam ruang pacaran, karena di situlah pengujian bagi setiap pembelajaran yang kita lakukan serta semakin mendorong konsep hubungan manusia yang jauh lebih setara, termasuk dalam hubungan berkolektif sekalipun.
Sekuat-kuatnya kita membaca buku, berdebat, beraliansi, tanpa mendukung perjuangan pembebasan perempuan, maka semakin jauh pula pembebasan manusia (masyarakat) dari penindasan.
Hal yang perlu kita pastikan di antaranya adalah pendidikan kesetaraan dan terkait perjuangan perempuan harus semakin diperkuat, bahkan didorong menjadi praktek sehari-hari dalam berkolektif.
Menyediakan ruang kritik antar kolektif yang dapat memperkuat organisasi dan perjuangan. Menyediakan ruang khusus untuk kolektif melaporkan tindakan kekerasan/pelecehan yang dialaminya, baik oleh kolektif sendiri ataupun orang lain.
Mendampingi dan melindungi penyintas yang telah berani bersuara dan melawan kekerasan seksual. Mendukung secara penuh setiap penyintas yang membutuhkan pemulihan akibat segala tindakan yang dialaminya. Mendukung penuh perjuangan pengesahan RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual.
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*Penulis adalah Dewan Federasi Mahasiswa Kerakyatan (FMK).
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