Tragedi Seksualitas Perempuan: Dari Jouissance Hingga Fluffer

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Oleh: Dasfemicide

“Seksualitas perempuan sebagai bentuk perayaan tubuh dalam budaya falosentrisme dipandang sekadar objek semata untuk memuaskan lelaki heteroseksual¹. Dalam budaya populer, seksualitas telah menjadi komoditas. Jika awalnya, perempuan mempraktikkan hasrat seksualnya dengan riang, maka hari ini mereka menetap dalam industri film pornografi sebagai fluffer.”

Perempuan  heteroseksual  seperti  juga  lelaki  heteroseksual,  mereka  tak  bisa dipisahkan dengan aktivitas kesehariannya, salah satunya adalah melakukan hubungan seksual  dengan beragam tujuan; bersenang–senang, menghilangkan stress, membuat tubuh lebih rileks atau memperoleh keturunan (prokreasi).

Namun dalam pola  pikir  hegemoni patriarkal, perempuan dinilai sekadar biologis; perempuan memiliki   rahim sebagai  tempat keberlangsungan   hidup   bayi  (mengandung), perempuan memiliki payudara untuk memberi asupan makanan bagi anak (menyusui). Pemikiran yang relatif menganggap seksualitas perempuan semata bertujuan melahirkan anak (pro life). Inilah yang membatasi seksualitas perempuan; sebagaimana payudara, vagina, dan organ tubuh lainnya adalah hak penuh dari tubuh perempuan (pro choice).

Menolak Budaya Falosentrisme

Dalam praktik seksualitas arus utama, perempuan sebagai liyan2 yang dianggap pasif, berbeda dengan phallus “penis” yang didorong sebagai organ aktif, terlebih lagi dalam hal melakukan penetrasi vaginal, dimana vagina menerima apa yang diberikan oleh penis. Secara garis besar dalam ranah seksualitas sebagai dampak dari budaya patriarki, masyarakat akan melihat seksualitas perempuan dalam perspektif falosentrisme.

Seksualitas perempuan, dari fetis hingga gaya dalam berhubungan seksual yang diciptakan oleh industri film pornografi merawat pola pikir bahwa tujuan  dari  hubungan  seksual antara pasangan heteroseksual dan homoseksual, baik dalam perkawinan kelompok seperti gangbang, adalah semata untuk merangsang lelaki heteroseksual.

Film pornografi sebagai medium perspektif feminis porno melakukan perayaan tubuh dengan beragam gaya akan membuat perempuan tidak bosan dan antusias merayakan tubuhnya di tengah–tengah masyarakat yang anti terhadap perayaan seksualitas perempuan. Selain itu, seksualitas perempuan juga dipandang sebagai hal politis; gerakan  perempuan  dihancurkan  dalam isu seksualitas3, maka  perlu dibangkitkan pula dengan isu yang sama.

Sejak orde baru, seksualitas perempuan dianggap terus mengancam kekuasaan. Pada tahun 2000-an, Inul Daratista mengekspresikan hasrat dan sensualitasnya secara terbuka yang membangkitkan moral panic masyarakat era reformasi.

Beriringan dengan ide seksualitas sebagai medium pembangkangan, semasa hidupnya pula mendiang Julia Perez pernah mengatakan, “Gue adalah seorang pemberontak yang hadir dalam dunia entertainment4.” Pernyataan ini sebagai upaya melawan nilai-nilai patriarkis yang membelenggu kebebasan perempuan. Tentu, hal ini menggoyahkan negara hingga institusi terkait segera mengambil keputusan dengan mengeluarkan undang-undang pornografi pada tahun yang sama5.

Dari pernyataan Jupe, sebenarnya ia  mencoba memberikan sudut pandang baru bahwa perempuan memiliki ide tersendiri melawan represi seksualitas sebagaimana istilah-istilah dalam materi gender; bagaimana perayaan seksualitas perempuan selalu diklaim sebagai eksploitasi dari industri: film, kosmetik, fashion, dan gaya hidup lainnya, yang ketika kita kaji kembali pola pikir tersebut hanyalah bentukan seksisme semata, lebih spesifiknya adalah misogini. Pola pikir seperti ini adalah dampak dari ketimpangan ilmu pengetahuan. Dimana laki-laki memiliki hak istimewa dan terdorong sebagai aktor dominan yang menjadikan tubuhnya sebagai satu-satunya pengalaman dalam menelurkan teori kehidupan6.

Nah, pertanyaannya, apakah tubuh perempuan akan selalu diverifikasi melalui pengalaman laki – laki? Atau apakah perayaan seksualitas perempuan yang berupa selalu berujung eksploitasi tubuh? Sehingga pemahaman terkait seksualitas perempuan semata-mata dinilai sesempit satu aspek; ekonomi – upah  kerja.  Barangkali  menjadi perempuan selalu menjadi pasif secara seksual dengan standar moralitas yang berbanding terbalik dengan hak istimewa laki-laki sebagai aktor pornografi yang sama sekali tak pernah menerima label eksploitasi tubuh bahkan jika mereka memiliki upah yang lebih rendah dari fluffer.

Fluffer: Perbudakan Seksual Budaya Pop

Pada dasarnya, kesetaraan upah kerja adalah isu gender, kepemilikan bersama juga sangat mendalam berbicara tentang gender (perlakuan). Maka dapat disimpulkan secara singkat bahwa gerakan kesetaraan gender tidak seortodoks memaksa fisik perempuan menyerupai fisik laki-laki. Namun, menghimpun semua pertanyaan, siapa yang diuntungkan dan siapa yang dirugikan – siapa yang terhisap kerja untuk memberi nilai lebih dan siapa yang menghisap kerja untuk memperoleh nilai lebih7.

Analisis kelas adalah permukaan analisis gender. Dalam produksi film porno misalnya, fluffer dan aktor utama sama-sama tak memiliki sarana produksi film. Tapi, dalam perlakuan keduanya sebagai pekerja, fluffer dari segi upah sangat sedikit dibandingkan pemeran utama atau disebut juga – a thankless profession8, padahal secara peran, fluffer bertugas sangat penting, yakni melakukan oral seks kepada para aktor lelaki agar siap bersetubuh dengan aktris porno utamanya, dengan beban kerja penis tak boleh terlalu tegang.

Melihat peran antara fluffer, aktor, dan aktris, analisis gender bukanlah hal menyimpang dengan mengkerdilkan peran laki-laki (menjadi misandris), tapi konstruksi dari industri menempatkan fluffer, aktor, dan aktris adalah hal keliru. Padahal,  fluffer  dapat berhubungan seksual  dengan  aktor  melalui persetujuan (consent), begitu juga dengan aktor dan aktris tanpa perlu khawatir adegan seksual dihentikan oleh sutradara (gonzo porn), fluffer dengan aktris (girl-girl pornography), atau fluffer, aktor, dan aktris (gangbang). Namun, sedikitnya 3 (tiga) pekerja dalam industri film porno ini telah menyerahkan dirinya dalam penghisapan industri.

Mempelajari analisis di atas, beberapa poin dapat menjadi gerakan mendekonstruksi relasi seksual seperti melakukan hubungan seksual tanpa menjadikan gender lainnya seperti budak perangsang penis – fluffer, menjadi aktris juga adalah menjadi aktif  secara seksual,  dan  terpenting  adalah  pemogokan pekerja seks, buruh film porno, fluffer, girlscam, dan  peran  lainnya  adalah  praktik dari analisis gender melampaui propaganda gerak analisis kelas.

Catatan kaki:

  1. Junus,  Fierenziana   Getruida.   2013.   “  Phallocentrism   vs   Jouissance,”   Jurnal Perempuan No : 77 : Agama dan Seksualitas. Jakarta Selatan : Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan.
  2. Liyan atau “Yang lain”, (bahasa inggris disebut juga the Other) dalam fenomenologi digunakan dalam mengidentifikasi dan membedakan diri dengan yang lain dalam pengakuan mereka untuk menjadi Oleh karena itu, liyan berbeda dan berlawanan dengan diri. Meskipun liyan terpisah dari diri, liyan merupakan realitas ada yang juga mengukuhkan keberadaan diri. Pengalaman ada bersama yang lain ini membawa konsekuensi bahwa diri juga ada bagi yang lain.
  3. Wieringa, Saskia Eleonora, 2010. Penghancuran Gerakan Perempuan (Politik seksual di Indonesia pasca kejatuhan PKI). Yogyakarta : Galang
  4. Perez, Julia. 2014. JUPE : My Uncut Story. Jakarta Pusat : Enter Media.
  5. Undang – undang pornografi (sebelumnya saat masih berbentuk rancangan bernama Rancangan Undang – Undang Anti Pornografi dan Pornoaksi, disingkat RUU APP, dan kemudian menjadi Rancangan Undang – Undang Pornografi ). UU ini disahkan menjadi undang – undang dalam sidang paripurna DPR pada 30 Oktober 2008 dan diterapkan bersamaan pengumuman penerapan pada 26 November
  6. Arivia, Gadis. 2003. Filsafat Perspektif Feminis. Jakarta Selatan : Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan.
  7. Hasil wawancara dengan dirty tina (performer) dan Frank (Husband and Associate) dalam film Porno Crazy mengatakan bahwa 78% penghasilan mereka diambil oleh perusahaan sedangkan 22% (belum termasuk pembayaran pajak dan lainnya) diterima oleh mereka
  8. Yulius, Hendri, 2019. C*bul (Perbincangan serius tentang seksualitas kontemporer). Tangerang Selatan : Marjin Kiri

Editor : Nandaa

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Penulis adalah founder Buku Perempuan Makassar.

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