Problematik Kuliah Online UMI di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Oleh : Nurul Waqiah Mustaming
Seiring dengan deklarasi status wabah virus Corona atau Covid-19 sebagai pandemi dunia, membuat sejumlah kampus di Indonesia menerapkan kuliah online untuk mahasiswanya. Kebijakan ini dilakukan semata-mata untuk meminimalisir atau menekan laju penyebaran virus mematikan tersebut, tanpa terkecuali Universitas Muslim Indonesia (UMI).
Kampus Hijau yang sudah berdiri sejak 23 Juni 1954 itu kini mempraktikkan metode Online E-Learning. Terhitung sejak tanggal 17 Maret hingga 05 April 2020 [kemungkinan akan diperpanjang sampai masa darurat bencana selesai] seluruh kegiatan mahasiswa, dosen, hingga karyawan diliburkan termasuk kegiatan non akademik di kampus.
Baca juga : https://www.cakrawalaide.com/cegah-merebaknya-covid-19-umi-berlakukan-kuliah-online/
Namun sistem kuliah online yang dihadirkan sebagai solusi apakah sudah efektif dan bagaimana prospeknya terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa? Jika kita melihat dari sisi teori komunikasi, menggunakan sistem kuliah online, munculnya noise (gangguan) tidak dapat dihindarkan bahkan sering terjadi miss communication antara si pengirim pesan (komunikator) dan penerima pesan (komunikan) karena kualitas jaringan internet dari provider dan lain hal.
Tidak hanya itu, kinerja dosen pengampu dalam menerapkan kuliah online masih dipertanyakan kapabilitasnya. Sebab beberapa dosen belum mampu atau tidak memiliki kecakapan mumpuni untuk mendayagunakan perangkat teknologi dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran kepada mahasiswa.
Menurut Wikipedia kuliah online (online lecture) adalah sistem perkuliahan yang memanfaatkan akses internet sebagai media pembelajaran yang dirancang dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk modul kuliah, rekaman video, atau tulisan oleh pihak akademi/universitas.
Realita yang terjadi di lapangan, masih banyak dosen yang belum memahami apa sebenarnya yang dimaksud kuliah online sebagaimana penjelasan di atas atau belum melaksanakannya dengan baik.
Keuntungan dari kuliah online seakan hanya hayalan saja dan bahkan jauh lebih menyusahkan dari yang kita bayangkan. Tugas malah semakin bertambah, waktu yang diberikan juga terbatas, dan apa jadinya bila tiap mata kuliah memberikan tugas disetiap harinya. Mahasiswa pun dituntut menyelesaikan dengan waktu yang terbatas.
Kuliah online sejauh ini belum mampu menjawab kebutuhan mahasiswa dalam mendapatkan ilmu pengetahuan. Materi yang dipaparkan dosen hanya sepintas terlihat di layar kaca smartphone ataupun laptop. Tidak ada pengulangan materi hingga dosen menganggap pekerjaannya telah selesai dengan hanya menampilkan wajahnya lalu memberi beberapa penjelasan yang cenderung hanya menceramahi mahasiswa dimana terkadang tidak sesuai materi ajar.
Dalam teori Stimulus Organism Response Model atau Model Rangsangan-Reaksi, Melvin De Fleur mengemukakan bahwa dalam menggunakan media sangat dibutuhkan sebuah rangsangan dari komunikator. Sebab rangsangan tersebut yang mampu menimbulkan feedback atau umpan balik. Maka dalam kuliah online para dosen seharusnya menimbulkan rangsangan guna memacu nalar mahasiswa dalam hal ini sebagai audiens/khalayak.
Bukan hanya dari segi komunikasi, kuliah online juga sudah pasti mengeluarkan uang lebih dari saku mahasiswa, sebab dibutuhkan kuota yang berpuluh-puluh hingga ratusan megabyte (MB) dalam sekali masuk perkuliahan. Tentu saja hal itu berdampak pada ekonomi mahasiswa. Sedangkan bagi mahasiswa yang telah pulang ke kampung halaman [atas imbauan rektor], sangat sulit untuk mendapatkan koneksi internet yang memadai.
Koneksi internet, baik dosen maupun mahasiswa tidak semua memiliki koneksi internet yang kualitasnya baik. Ketika buruk maka gangguan yang dialami seperti audio yang kurang jelas dan visual akan tiba-tiba hilang. Nah, hal tersebut sangat menggangu proses belajar mengajar.
Dari uraian di atas, dapat dikatakan bahwa para dosen menyalahi tujuan kuliah online itu sendiri, dimana kuliah tujuannya adalah mentransfer ilmu pengetahuan dari dosen ke mahasiswa sehingga mahasiswa dapat memahami apa yang diberikan oleh dosen. Bukan malah mengirim tugas online semata, dimana pada akhirnya mahasiswa juga harus keluar rumah demi mencari tempat yang tersedia wifi gratis dan bahkan sampai begadang untuk mengerjakannya. Hal itu tentu akan sangat berdampak pada kesehatan dan beresiko terinfeksi virus corona.
Di tengah krisis akibat terpaan virus corona, para penyelenggara pendidikan di Perguruan Tinggi (PT) terkhusus UMI seharusnya bisa belajar. Momentum seperti ini bisa dijadikan bahan evaluasi bagaimana kualitas penyelenggaraan pendidikan kita,. Bisakah menyesuaikan terhadap perubahan zaman atau malah sebaliknya; tergerus zaman. Perlu dihadirkan prosedur atau semacam panduan yang jelas mengenai pelaksanaan kelas online.
Dosen dari berbagai Fakultas di UMI seharusnya juga lebih fokus dalam membantu penanganan virus corona. Memberikan imbauan kepada mahasiswa untuk melakukan kerja-kerja sosial yang sesuai kompetensi masing-masing demi berkontribusi dalam penanggulangan penyebaran Covid-19 sebagaimana Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi, tepatnya pengabdian kepada masyarakat.
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Editor : Chung
Penulis adalah mahasiswi jurusan Ilmu Komunikasi UMI angkatan 2019.
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